Orchitis: References

Frungieri MB, Calandra RS, Bartke A, Matzkin ME. Ageing and inflammation in the male reproductive tract. Andrologia. 2018 May 8:e13034.

Ryan L, Daly P, Cullen I, Doyle M. Epididymo-orchitis caused by enteric organisms in men > 35 years old: beyond fluoroquinolones. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Jun;37(6):1001-1008.

Aguilera-Alonso D, Del Rosal T, Pérez Muñoz S, Baquero-Artigao F. Neonatal epididymo-orchitis with pyocele caused by Escherichia coli: Successful treatment with antimicrobial therapy alone. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2017 Dec 7.

Street EJ, Justice ED, Kopa Z, et al. The 2016 European guideline on the management of epididymo-orchitis. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 Jul;28(8):744-749.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Complications of mumps. https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/about/complications.html. Updated November 20, 2017. Accessed June 2018.

Epididymitis and orchitis. Urology Care Foundation. http://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/epididymitis-and-orchitis. Accessed June 2018.

Knott L. Epididymo-orchitis. Patient. http://patient.info/health/epididymo-orchitis-leaflet. Updated November 10, 2016. Accessed June 2016.

Halachmi S, Katz N. Epididymo-orchitis in pre-pubertal children, epidemiology, etiology, management, and follow-up recommendations. Open Journal of Urology, 2013, 3, 96-101. http://file.scirp.org/pdf/OJU_2013051711084430.pdf.

Gouma S, Hahné SJ, Gijselaar DB, et al. Severity of mumps disease is related to MMR vaccination status and viral shedding. Vaccine. 2016 Apr 7;34(16):1868-73.

Pilatz A, Boecker M, Schuppe HC, Wagenlehner F. Current aspects of epididymo-orchitis. Aktuelle Urol. 2016 May;47(3):237-42.

Halachmi S. Epididymo-orchitis in prepubertal children – prevalence, etiology, suggested diagnosis algorithm. Harefuah. 2015 Dec;154(12):799-803.